If you incorporate your business in Canada, you have a choice between incorporating federally or provincially.

Below is a listing of each of the corporate laws across Canada, along with a link to the government agency who administers the corporate law in that jurisdiction.

- Federal - Canada Business Corporations Act (Canada) - Corporations Canada

- Newfoundland & Labrador - Corporations Act (NL) - Service NL

- Nova Scotia - Companies Act (NS) - Registry of Joint Stock Companies

- Prince Edward Island - Business Corporations Act (PEI) - Corporate and Business Names Registry

- New Brunswick - Business Corporations Act (NB) - Service NB

- Quebec - Business Corporations Act (Quebec) -  Quebec Registry

- Ontario - Business Corporations Act (ON) - Service Ontario

- Manitoba - The Corporations Act (MB) - Companies Office Manitoba

- Saskatchewan - The Business Corporations Act (SK) - Corporate Registry

- Alberta - Business Corporations Act (Alberta) - Corporate Registry

- British...

This week’s video blog is on the topic of copyright and how to protect your business creations.

Click on the video link here to view.

You can find the website for the federal agency CIPO (Canadian Intellectual Property Office) referred to in the blog can be found here.

Happy New Year to each of you!  Thank you for signing up, reading, watching and commenting in 2017.

As we tend to do, I have made some personal and business resolutions for 2018.  My personal resolutions include eating less chips and swimming more.

For the first blog of January, I have picked the theme of Legal Resolutions for 2018.  Have you thought about making resolutions for your business relating to legal issues?

You can watch my Legal Lunch video on this topic here –

The above video has 8 topics for your consideration in making your legal resolutions for 2018:

1.  Website – Is your business website compliant with all legal requirements? If you have not received my freebie “5 Legal Bits to Have on Your Website”, you can download it here.

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2. Tax – Do you have any weird letter from CRA to be dealt with?  Have you talked to your accountant about the 2018 tax changes?

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3. Estate Planning – Do you need to make any updates to...

One of my most popular blog posts of 2017 was the one on “Do I Need A Will”.

If you have made a will and other estate planning documents (such as financial power of attorney, personal directives, guardianship appointments), CONGRATULATIONS! You get a gold star! Most people in Canada do not have an up to date will.

Since many of us will be spending time with our families over the holidays, it can be a good time to pass along some information to them about EITHER what you have put in place OR what you have planned.

1. Identity of Executor(s) – I often say that choosing an executor is the most important piece of your will planning. Has your executor agreed to take on the role? Do your family members know who you have chosen? You are not required to tell anyone, but it is a good idea to have a conversation with family members so you can explain your reasons, particularly if there may be some dispute or hurt feelings.
2. Location of Important Documents – Does your...

Check out this recent vlog on why you need a social media policy in your business:

https://youtu.be/m4qvZZyMFRQ

As we get into the holiday season, many of us are in a giving mood. But one of the important seasonal questions for business owners is – “Who Can Receive Dividends from my company this year?

For some context, the reason that we care about this question is primarily that paying dividends to family members in lower tax brackets can lower the overall tax burden for a family. This is possible because we have marginal tax rates which means that the lower your income in a year, the lower the rate of tax.

A business owner may also want to pay dividends out of their operating company to a holding company to provide some creditor protection or to purify their company to qualify for the capital gains exemption, but this is a topic for another blog post.

Here are some tips for determining who can receive dividends:

1. Remember that dividends are a distribution of a share of PROFIT. If the company is not profitable in the year, there can be no dividends.
2. Dividends have to be paid to ...

No one wants to find out after they have totaled their SUV that it is not covered by their insurance policy.

This was the case highlighted in a recent CTV news article, sent to me by one of the participants in my Legal Essentials course.  The headline was “Business owner’s occasional deliveries voids her insurance policy for wrecked car” .

The scary question for small business owners after reading such a story is – Should I have commercial insurance for my vehicle that I use in my business?

Here are my tips below:

Tip #1 – This is a conversation that you need to have with your insurance broker or insurance company. Confirm and document all such conversations in writing including what details you provided and what they said.

Tip #2 – Vehicles that are owned and registered to a company need Commercial Automobile Insurance.

Vehicles that are personally owned but used in the business may or may not need commercial coverage, depending on...

I am often asked by friends, neighbours and fellow small business owners the above question – Do I NEED A Will (emphasis on NEED)?

We kind of know that part of “adulting” is getting a will and other estate planning documents drafted at some point.  But where should this rank in the list of priorities of a busy business owner’s legal needs?

Legal Risk Assessment

Assessing any risk is made up of two parts: (1) considering the probability of something going wrong and (2) the impact of the negative consequences if it does.

A will is a legal document that names our legal representative and deals with our assets and liabilities on our death.

In the case of our own death, we are 100% sure this event is going to occur (probability), but in most cases, do not know when.  You will be dead (and therefore may not care), but the negative consequences set out below will be felt by surviving family members and in the case of a business, potentially employees and...

As we surf around the Internet, we are often required to click “I AGREE” to use an application, game or to buy products or services.

Business owners have often asked me, should I just click “I Agree” or do I need to read all of the details?

There are likely not enough hours in the day to read every word of all of the Terms of Service or Terms of Use that you encounter. Here are some practical tips about what to think about and what to focus on:

1. Valid Contract – The law provides that you can enter into contracts electronically AND also allows the terms of such an agreement to be incorporated by hyperlinks to the more detailed terms of use. Therefore, by clicking “I AGREE”, you need to understand that you are entering into a valid legal contract. The terms do need to be “readable” to the user.

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2. Important Terms to Check – If you are downloading an application for use in your business, there are certain important terms of...

I have been asking my readers for suggestions about blog topics. The topic today was suggested by several people. It is a subject that I did not want to write about, but I know that although it may be uncomfortable, it is super important.

The starting place for any business owner is to know that they are responsible to create a business and a workplace that is FREE FROM SEXUAL HARASSMENT.

This blog post will provide some information on how sexual harassment is defined in law and provide some tools to deal with the issue.

WHAT IS SEXUAL HARASSMENT?

Human rights legislation exists in every province and territory as well as in the federal jurisdiction for federally regulated industries. For a complete listing of provincial and territorial human rights agencies click here.

The Human Rights Act (Nova Scotia) link defines “sexual harassment” as follows (my emphasis in bold):

1. vexatious sexual conduct or a course of comment that is known or ought reasonably to be known as...